Arizona Ridge-Nosed Rattlesnake
Crotalus willardi


Rarely encountered; look in cool, moist canyon bottoms in southeastern Arizona during monsoon season
The Arizona ridge-nosed rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi willardi) is a small, rare, and strikingly beautiful rattlesnake found in the mountainous regions of southeastern Arizona. It is easily recognized by the distinctive raised white ridges along its nose and its patterned brown or gray body, which provides excellent camouflage among rocks and leaf litter. This species is highly elusive and secretive, often hiding under rocks, logs, or in crevices during the day, and emerging to hunt small rodents, lizards, and amphibians at night. Designated as Arizona’s official state reptile, the ridge-nosed rattlesnake is among the rarest rattlesnakes in the United States, with a very limited range and specific habitat requirements. Its presence highlights the ecological uniqueness of Arizona’s sky islands and mountain ecosystems, making sightings exceptionally special for wildlife enthusiasts.
Reptile

Identification & Behavior
Key Features: White “ridge” stripes along the nose, keeled scales, rattle at the tail tip, copper-brown body with light crossbands
Size: Small; typically 18–24 inches long, weighing less than 1 lb
Behavior: Shy and reclusive; tends to hide under logs, rocks, and forest debris; will rattle and coil defensively if threatened
Diet: Small mammals, lizards, and frogs
Activity Pattern: Mostly nocturnal during summer; may be crepuscular (active at dawn/dusk)
Habitat & Distribution
Found in southeastern Arizona in the Madrean Sky Islands, particularly Chiricahua, Huachuca, and Santa Rita Mountains. Inhabits pine-oak forests, canyons, and rocky slopes. Present in Coronado National Forest.
Elevation Range: 5,200 – 9,000 ft
Seasonal Presence: Active late spring through early fall; hibernates in winter
Risks & Management
Venomous — give plenty of space, do not attempt to handle or provoke


































