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Reptile
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Reptile

Arizona's WildLife

"Where the Wild Things Roam"

Arizona Ridge-Nosed Rattlesnake

Crotalus willardi
Reptile
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Rarely encountered; look in cool, moist canyon bottoms in southeastern Arizona during monsoon season

The Arizona ridge-nosed rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi willardi) is a small, rare, and strikingly beautiful rattlesnake found in the mountainous regions of southeastern Arizona. It is easily recognized by the distinctive raised white ridges along its nose and its patterned brown or gray body, which provides excellent camouflage among rocks and leaf litter. This species is highly elusive and secretive, often hiding under rocks, logs, or in crevices during the day, and emerging to hunt small rodents, lizards, and amphibians at night. Designated as Arizona’s official state reptile, the ridge-nosed rattlesnake is among the rarest rattlesnakes in the United States, with a very limited range and specific habitat requirements. Its presence highlights the ecological uniqueness of Arizona’s sky islands and mountain ecosystems, making sightings exceptionally special for wildlife enthusiasts.

Reptile

Reptile

Identification & Behavior

Key Features: White “ridge” stripes along the nose, keeled scales, rattle at the tail tip, copper-brown body with light crossbands

Size: Small; typically 18–24 inches long, weighing less than 1 lb

Behavior: Shy and reclusive; tends to hide under logs, rocks, and forest debris; will rattle and coil defensively if threatened

Diet: Small mammals, lizards, and frogs

Activity Pattern: Mostly nocturnal during summer; may be crepuscular (active at dawn/dusk)

Habitat & Distribution​

Found in southeastern Arizona in the Madrean Sky Islands, particularly Chiricahua, Huachuca, and Santa Rita Mountains. Inhabits pine-oak forests, canyons, and rocky slopes. Present in Coronado National Forest.

Elevation Range: 5,200 – 9,000 ft

Seasonal Presence: Active late spring through early fall; hibernates in winter

Risks & Management

Venomous — give plenty of space, do not attempt to handle or provoke

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Fun Fact: This was the first rattlesnake to gain legal protection in the U.S. due to its rarity.

Arizona Black Rattlesnake

Mexican Gartersnake

Arizona Mountain Kingsnake

Sonora Mud Turtle

Arizona Ridge-Nosed Rattlesnake

Sonoran Gopher Snake

Arizona Striped Whiptail

Gila Monster

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