Arizona's WildLife
"Where the Wild Things Roam"
Fathead Minnow
Pimephales promelas
Look in shallow areas near vegetation
The fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) is a small, schooling freshwater fish commonly found in Arizona’s streams, ponds, and other calm waters. Recognizable by its slender, silvery body and blunt head, this hardy species feeds on algae, small invertebrates, and detritus, making it an important component of aquatic food webs. Fathead minnows are widely used in fishery management and as bait for larger sport fish due to their abundance and ease of handling. Their presence supports ecosystem balance by serving as prey for larger fish, birds, and other aquatic predators, while also contributing to the health and productivity of Arizona’s freshwater habitats.
Fish
Identification & Behavior
Key Features: Small, silver body with dark lateral stripe
Size: 2–3 in
Behavior: Schools in shallow water
Diet: Omnivore — algae, insect larvae
Activity Pattern: Diurnal
Habitat & Distribution
Found statewide in Arizona, primarily in slow-moving streams, ponds, irrigation ditches, and reservoirs. Prefers shallow, vegetated areas and is often associated with warm water habitats. Present in Coconino, Apache-Sitgreaves, Tonto, and Prescott National Forests, especially in small water bodies and tributaries suitable for spawning and shelter.
Elevation Range: 4,000–7,500 ft
Seasonal Presence: Year-round
Risks & Management
Non-toxic; safe to handle
Fun Fact: Resistant to environmental fluctuations
Apache Trout
Rainbow Trout
Brown Trout
Channel Catfish
Fathead Minnow
Gila Trout